Extraction of plant latex is a complex emulsion of polymer micro particles in an aqueous medium. Calotropis gigantea, giant milkweed, crown flower, giant. This milkweed family member typically grows to 815 tall. Calotropis procera linn is an erect, tall, large, highly branched and perennial shrub or small tree that grows to a height of 5. Calotropis is a shrub or tree with lavender flowers and corklike bark. They are commonly known as milkweeds because of the latex they produce. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region in nepal, the latex is applied to sprains, body pains, boils and pimples. Floral diagram floral diagram and formula evolution. Extracts from the flowers of calotropis procera have shown strong cytotoxic activity. Plant details information about calotropis procera plant.
Evaluation of antihyperglycaemic activity of calotropis. Pdf a phylogenetic study of floral morphology of some members. Calotropis gigantea called swetarka and calotropis procera called raktarka. It is a leaf like structure in whose axil a flower often develops. Calotropis is a genus of flowering plants in the family apocynaceae, first described as a genus. Plant contain milky latex in the stem which is used as an antidote for snake poison in dried form. Different parts of calotropis gigantea have been reported to.
The apocynaceae is a large family of plants including 415 genera and about 4555 species distributed largely throughout the tropics but also in warm temperate climates. The plant has ash colored bark covered with white fuzz. Its flowers are slightly cupshaped in appearance and their relatively short and broad petals are whitish with purple tips. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of calotropis gigantea root, latex extracts. Apr 24, 20 calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, philippines, thailand, sri lanka, india and china. Ayurvedic medicines prepared with calotropis gigantea ardraka ghrita used in. Gujarat forestry research foundation, indroda park, ayurvedic udyan, sarita udyan, van chetana kendra, infocity, basan about calotropis procera plant. Asclepiadaceae, commonly known as milkweed or swallowwort, is a common wasteland weed singh et al. Unlike the floral formula, a floral diagram is actually a good representation of a picture of the flower.
It is a xerophytic erect shrub, growing widely throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of asia and africa. Khan 2 city and maintained in the microbiology laboratory gomal university, dera ismail 3 khan 4 5 extraction of plant materials. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance. The percentage reduction in egg count e cr was recorded as 88. Pdf floral morphological diversity and phylogenetic relationship were studied in the. As vicki from tampa writes, cats like tropical milkweed and native milkweed better than the tough leaves of calotropis, but ill continue to grow it for its beauty.
The oral glucose tolerance test was carried out by administering glucose 2 gkg, p. The shrub is considered a weed in its native india but has also been used traditionally as a medicinal plant. Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, philippines, thailand, sri lanka, india and china. Flower powder 12 g latex fatal dose and fatal period. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects about 10% of the population. Mostly umbellate cymes calotropis or dichasial cyme ending in monochasial cyme. Calotropis species are considered common weeds in some parts of the world. Calotropis procera is a woody perennial that carries white or lavender flowers. Introduction alotropis procera belongs to the family asclepiadaceae and is a soft wooded, evergreen perennial shrub. The study of various external features of the organism is known as morphology.
Name of species calotropis gigantea common name milkweed, swet ark family apocynaceae photo taken on 12 july, 2008 at sadashiv jyotirling, kukas, jaipur, rajasthan description dry leaf powder used for treating wounds and boils. It is noted for its upright growth, milky sap, pale purple or white crown. Any alteration in the structure or function of an organism or any of its part that results from natural selection and. The hypoglycemic activity in normal rats was carried out by treatment using chloroform extract of calotropis gigantea leaf and flower 10, 20 and 50 mgkg, orally. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, apocynaceae, that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. It has become naturalized in many other locations, including western, central and south america, the caribbean, brazil and australia. Usa calotropis gigantea formerly asclepias or giant milkweed is native to asia. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda. Comparative gcms analysis of bioactive compounds in.
Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and gcms analysis. Growing calotropis gigantea in the villages, fl zone 9a. Preliminary phytochemical screening and gc ms issn profiling. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about calotropis species, crown flower, giant calotrope, giant milkweed, swallowwort calotropis gigantea supplied by member gardeners in. It also has tannins, latex, rubber and a dye that are used in industrial practices. These flowers are known to represent the highest degree of floral. Calotropis, sodom apple, stabragh, kapok tree, kings. The basic parts of the flowers are the sepal, the petal, the stamen and the pistil, represented like this. The flower structure and mode of pollination in asclepias milkweed were studied by j. Vegetative propagation through half stumps assumes a special importance as compared with the entire stumps because they help in faster multiplication of the parent genotype with. Calotropis gigantea giant milkweed crown flower 5 seeds 2.
Read this article to learn about parts of a typical flower. It has one of the important traditional medicines to treat various ailments. Calotropis gigantea, the crown flower, is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, the philippines, citation needed thailand, sri lanka, india, china, pakistan, nepal, and tropical africa. This study aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of c. Calotropis gigantea, the crown flower, is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia. Calotropis is a genus of flowering plants in the family apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1810. Last year, 2017, i planted the calotropis procera seeds and had very good germination.
Calotrope calotropis procera is very similar to giant calotrope calotropis gigantea. Stamens 5, synandrous, gynostegium stamens fused with stigmatic disc to form gynostegium, anthers dithecous, epipetalous, coherent. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance of. Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and gcms analysis of. Calotropis gigantea family asclepiadaceae commonly known as sweta arka is a highly medicinal drought resistant and relatively high degree salt tolerant wild plant species of the indian himalayan region.
The antimicrobial activity of the leaf extracts of calotropis procera. Flowers consist of 5 small triangular dirty white sepals, 5 thick ovate petals 1 cm x. Calotropis species, crown flower, giant calotrope, giant. Effect of latex extracts from euphorbia caducifolia and calotropis procera on rootknot nematode meloidogyne incognita infesting tomato and egg plant. Kshirsagar et al, 2010 have described the acute and subacute toxicity of the ethanolic extract from calotropis gigantea r. Its natural habitat is usually along roadsides, and on previously developed lots and acreage. Plants herbs, shrubs, mostly twiners and rarely trees. The extractions from latex are quit tricky in context with preparation of latex for the extraction purpose.
Calotropis contains chemicals that might help thin mucous and make it easier to cough up. Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in. Calotropis gigantea, commonly called crown flower or giant milkweed, is a large shrub or small tree that is native to india, southern china, malaysia and indonesia, but has been extensively cultivated in tropical areas around the world. It has a deep taproot, 34 m deep, and a secondary root system with woody lateral roots that may rapidly regenerate adventitious shoots when the plant is injured. Calotropis procera, phytochemical, traditional medicine. Flower develops on the mother axis stem in the form of floral bud. I only took in one plant for the winter because i didnt have room for more. The flowers grow at the tops of apical stems and produce fruits. Calotropis gigantea giant milkweed, arka, crown flower, close related to a wellknown butterfly milkweed, but it is so impressively fat. College, patna, magadh university, bihar, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t keywords calotropis e pharmacology, m. Calotropin is similar in structure to two cardiac glycosides which are responsible for the cytotoxicity of. It has been widely naturalized elsewhere including australia, hawaii, california, and the caribbean and from mexico to. Population ecology and economic importance of calotropis. Ayurvedic medicines prepared with calotropis gigantea ardraka ghrita used in indigestion and chronic diarrhoea.
Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about calotropis, sodom apple, stabragh, kapok tree, kings crown, rubber bush calotropis procera supplied by member gardeners in the pla. These two species can be distinguished by the following differences. Preliminary phytochemical screening and gc ms issn. Share your knowledge share your word file share your pdf file share your ppt file. Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in india. The plant has silvergreen large leaves that grow opposite on the stems. Aiton is a spreading shrub or mediumsized tree reaching 2. Chapter 5 morphology of flowering plants morphology. Morphoecological aspects on the pollination of calotropis procera. From different plant parts of calotropis species c.
The green globes are hollow but the flesh contains a toxic milky sap that is. Herbaceous, week and climbing or succulent, woody below calotropis, erect, twiner or climbers. Calotropis gigantea large milkweed leaves for caterpillars. Some opine anything above 500 mg of latex is fatal. Any alteration in the structure or function of an organism or any of its part that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better fitted to. Flower fruit and latex of calotropis procera were collected from the d. The aim of this study to screen the phytochemicals present in the flower extract by gcms analysis. Calotropis a medicinal plant of family asclepiadaceae has been utilized in ayurveda. Calotropis procera asclepiadaceae is a wild shrub, which grows up to a height of m and its leaves are 10 cm wide by 1719 cm long. Calotropis procera giant milkweed tree monarch caterpillars. Its beefy silver leaves add a great texture to your butterfly garden, and its lavender flowers are fascinating and beautiful. Parts of a typical flower with diagram biology discussion. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis the giant milkweed, calotropis procera, is native to the old world from the arabian peninsula to west, north and east africa, also from southern asia to malaysia.
The wood yields a fibrous substance that is used for rope, fishing line and thread. The pollen are in a structure named pollinia which is attached to a glandular, adhesive disc at the. Both the species are found throughout the wori but the calotropis procera is more common which has purple flower while the calotropis gigantia has whitish flower. A floral diagram represents a drawing of a flower as it would appear if all parts were at the same level. Table 1fatty acid compostion of salvia species semantic scholar. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of. Agarwal unpublished work, 1951 studied the floral anatomy of calotropis procera, asclepias curassavica, daemia extensa and. The latex reveled that the plants contain cardenoids such as calotropin, calotoxin, uscharin, usechardin, glycoside calotropaginin, choline, opyrocatechuric acid, benzoyllineolone, benzoylisoloneolane uzariganin and syriogenin. The first species being abundant while the second being restricted to forest areas. Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, philippines, thailand, sri lanka, india. It is commonly known as apple of sodom, a name derived from the hebrew tapuah sdom. Calotropis was formerly placed in the family asclepiadaceae the milkweed family, which is now considered a subfamily of the apocynaceae stevens, 2012. Crown flower is a fastgrowing, attractive, evergreen flowering shrub or small tree that grows about 5 metres tall, occasionally to 10 metres. Calotropis belongs to asclepiadaceae or milkweed or ak family which includes 280 genera and 2,000 species of worldwide distribution but most abundant in the subtropics and tropics, and rare in cold countries.
917 1354 1646 1055 856 1104 1523 1539 588 655 1320 1230 1645 1230 1668 765 1027 1168 909 662 376 289 132 1305 109 698 574 385 433 286 1066 1328 955 184 809 1105 419 7 635 219 722 1329 316 833 161 203 1307 1154